The measurement of airborne eDNA enables the detection and tracking of species in an environment rapidly, non-invasively, and with great sensitivity. It can also be used to monitor a very large number of species simultaneously, unlike traditional nature surveys, which are performed manually and typically focus on a single species. Airborne eDNA measurements therefore have the potential to revolutionise biodiversity monitoring by providing robust species distribution data to help governments and other stakeholders, helping them define policy to address the current rapid decline in biodiversity, and assess the performance of measures implemented to halt or reverse biodiversity decline.
Measurements of aqueous eDNA (e.g. in rivers) are now widely used as a tool to monitor the aquatic abundance of fish and other species, but airborne eDNA measurements are much less advanced, and there are no standard sampling or analysis protocols. The game-changing potential of these measurements has, however, recently been highlighted in a recent paper. Other research aspects are the post-pandemic efforts to develop sampling methods that preserve the pathogen integrity and facilitate easy recovery. However, the effects of the nebulisation/sampling of choice on the eDNA are often overlooked. This PhD will advance the state-of-the-art of airborne eDNA measurements by investigating key metrology aspects that are currently hindering the wider adoption of this technology. Understanding the underlying challenges for reproducible analysis, identification, and quantification of eDNA from the air may drive technological solutions towards consistent and efficient monitoring strategies.